NAIL GERMANY // RELOCATION & BUREAUCRACY GUIDE
UPDATED FOR 2026
Practical Expat Checklist

Nail Germany

A clear, honest guide to moving to and living in Germany. Know your rights, avoid costly mistakes with landlords or health insurance, and get your paperwork done on time.

OFFICIAL GUIDE//TIME-SENSITIVEHousing & Rent
LAW: § 421 BGB (Gesamtschuldner) & § 540 BGB (Gebrauchsüberlassung)

Flatshare Contracts: Avoid Joint Liability (WG)

Protect yourself from being held financially responsible for a flatmate's unpaid rent or apartment damage.

STATUTORY DEADLINEBefore signing any shared rental agreement.
ESTIMATED TIME20 minutes contract inspection
COSTS / PENALTIESZero fees to prevent. Severe financial liability for flatmates' unpaid rent or renovation costs.
TRACK THIS IN YOUR CUSTOM CHECKLIST

Configure your citizenship, housing, and job status to get a prioritized timeline.

[+ ADD TO MY CHECKLIST]
! TRAPWHAT EXPATS GET WRONG (COMMON TRAP)

If everyone signs the lease together as joint main tenants (Hauptmieter), German law considers you all jointly liable (§ 421 BGB). If a flatmate moves out or stops paying rent, the landlord can legally demand the entire rent and repair costs from you. You also cannot leave the lease on your own unless all other tenants and the landlord agree in writing.

STEP-BY-STEP ACTION PROTOCOL (4 STEPS)

  1. 1

    Ask for an individual sublease (Untermietvertrag) for your room instead of signing a joint lease.

  2. 2

    If you have to sign a joint lease, make a written agreement with your roommates detailing each person's share of rent and deposit.

  3. 3

    When a roommate leaves, make sure the landlord signs a release agreement (Entlassungsvereinbarung).

  4. 4

    Fill out a written handover protocol (Übergabeprotokoll) noting existing room damages when you move in.

OFFICIAL PORTALS & LEGAL REFERENCES

Civil Code § 421 BGB (Joint and Several Liability)Statute: § 421 BGB (Gesamtschuldner) & § 540 BGB (Gebrauchsüberlassung)
LEGAL CLARIFICATIONS

Frequently Asked Questions

What legal risk arises from signing a joint lease as Hauptmieter in a WG?[FAQ]

Under § 421 BGB, joint tenants are jointly and severally liable. If one roommate defaults or abandons the flat, the landlord can legally demand the entire apartment rent and repair costs from any remaining tenant.

What is the safest legal tenancy arrangement in a German flatshare?[FAQ]

Executing an individual sublease agreement (Untermietvertrag) for your specific room, ensuring legal liability is strictly confined to your personal room and agreed rent.

COMPANION ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES

[VIEW ALL IN HOUSING & RENT]